LAZARUS, Miss Emma
<p><span>Emma Lazarus was born in New York, New York on July 22, 1849 and died there on November 19, 1887.</span><br /><br /><span>Emma was inspired and mentored by Ralph Waldo Emerson. In 1868, she mailed her book to Ralph Waldo Emerson which resulted in a mentor-mentee relationship. For a few years, Emma asked him for feedback on her poems, and Emerson gladly provided critiques and praise. A rift occurred in their relationship in 1873, as Ralph Waldo Emerson did not publish her work in his anthology, </span><em>Parnassus</em><span>. Emma never found out why he did not her print her work, since he never responded to her letters.</span><br /><br /><span>Miss Lazarus volunteered at the Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society (HIAS) after visiting Russian Jewish Immigrants living in squalor at Ward Island. These immigrants had left Russia due to the Czar’s ongoing pogroms and other antisemitic acts. The HIAS, which was formed in 1881, provided meals, transportation, and employment counseling.</span></p>
<p><span>That same year, Emma wrote several poems for a broad range of audiences concerning the antisemitism occurring in Eastern Europe, particularly Russia. Her poems, "The Banner of the Jew," "The Exile," and "The Death of Death" (she dedicated this to "George Eliot," for her inspiration and dream of a Jewish nation), portrayed the tragic suffering and degradation of her people (Jews). Emma was an early proponent of what became the Zionist movement. Her views are illustrated in her “Epistle for Hebrews." </span><br /><br /><span>Emma wrote"The New Colossus," a sonnet, in 1883 as part of fundraiser for the Statue of Liberty's pedestal. She wanted others to know that this poem voiced support for the immigrants coming to the shores of New York City. Unfortunately, Emma did not live to see the fruit of her labor. It was 1886 by the time sufficient money was raised to erect the statue in New York Harbor, and Emma passed in November of 1887, before its completion. </span><span>To honor Miss Lazarus's work, her friend, Georgina Schuyler, had Emma's poem engraved on a plaque which was mounted on the statue's pedestal..</span><br /><br /><span>Her volunteer efforts and ideas also led to the creation of the Hebrew Technical Institute, which was formed in 1884 in New York City. This non-sectarian facility provided training in vocational skills for students ages 14-17. Later, it became known as the first technical high school in America.</span><br /><br /><span>In 1944, The Emma Lazarus Federation of Women’s Clubs was founded by the Women’s Division of the Jewish People’s Fraternal Order of the International Workers Order. Its mission was three-fold: t</span><span>o provide relief to wartime victims, t</span><span>o combat racism and antisemitism, and t</span><span>o foster Jewish identification through its educational programs and women’s rights. </span><br /><br /><span>To honor Miss Lazarus's accomplishments as a famous poet, Ruth Hollander, a senior from Tucson High School, was elected president of the newly formed Emma Lazarus B'nai B'rith Women’s Group in March, 1951. </span></p>
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BATES, Mrs. Clara Doty
Clara Doty Bates was born in Ann Arbor, Michigan on December 22, 1838. A writer from an early age, Clara attended private schools. She married Morgan Bates, a newspaperman, in 1876 and the couple moved to Chicago, Illinois.<br /><br />A well-known writer of juvenile literature, Clara published several books under the imprint of Boston's D. Lothrop & Company. From its beginnings in 1875, she was a frequent contributor to <em>Wide Awake</em>, a children's periodical that was published by that firm. Her sister, Charlotte Doty Finley, was the illustrator for Clara's poem "Silver Locks and the Bears" in the December 1875 volume. Clara's poems also appeared in <em>Babyland</em>,<em>Harper's Young People</em>, <em>St. Nicholas</em>, and <em>Youth's Companion, </em>and<em> Farm, Field, and Firesode.<br /><br /></em>In addiiton to publishing her own work and contributing to periodicals, Clara contributed "LIT-TLE TO-TOTE" to an edited volume, <span><em>Baby World: Stories, Rhymes, and Pictures for Little Folks</em>. (Century, 1884).<br /></span><br />While living in Chicago, Clara was vice-president of the Fortnightly women's literary club. She also was very involved with the Woman's Branch of the World's Congress Auxiliary. During the early 1890s, Clara was a contributor to <em>A Woman of the Century</em>. She was very involed with the Columbian Exposition and arranged the <a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85042461/1893-07-02/ed-1/seq-12/#date1=1777&sort=date&date2=1963&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&index=16&words=Bates+Clara+Doty&proxdistance=5&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=Clara+Doty+Bates&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=21" target="_blank" rel="noopener">children's library</a> with Alice L. Williams. In July of 1893, she spoke at the <a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84036276/1893-07-22/ed-1/seq-1/#date1=1777&sort=date&date2=1963&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&index=1&words=Bates+Clara+Doty&proxdistance=5&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=Clara+Doty+Bates&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=22" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Educational Congress</a> in Chicago. <br /><br />She passed away in Chicago on October 14, 1895, at age fifty-six, and was buried in Ann Arbor's Forest Hills Cemetery. Clara's friend Elia W. Peattie wrote a lengthy <a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84037890/1896-02-12/ed-1/seq-2/#date1=1777&sort=date&date2=1963&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&index=0&words=BATES+CLARA+DOTY&proxdistance=5&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=Clara+Doty+Bates&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=26" target="_blank" rel="noopener">obituary</a> that was published in <em>The Omaha Nebraska-Herald</em> and reprinted in <em>The Hartford Herald</em> (Hartford, KY) on February 12, 1896. Elia certainly captured Clara's essence in this beautiful tribute.
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PERRY, Miss Nora
Nora Perry was a New England poet, newspaper correspondent, and author. Her poems “Tying her Bonnet under her Chin” and “After the Ball” shot her to literary fame and were reprinted in newspapers across the country. Her early success led her to write society pieces for <em>The Chicago Tribune</em> and <em>The Providence Journal</em> in her later years. <br /><br />Born in Dudley, Massachusetts in 1831, Miss Perry was the youngest of three children. Her family relocated to Providence, Rhode Island while she was still a child. An avid writer even in her youth, Miss Perry eventually became a part of Sarah Helen Whitman’s literary circle in Providence. Nora would wake early in the morning and write until noon at an old-fashioned table that she called her “shop” in her living room, where she kept her collection of chromolithographs wherever there was space to put them. Occasionally, she would write another hour or two in the afternoon, but almost never wrote in the evening. Around the time that she became a professional writer, Nora destroyed all of her writings from her adolescence. <br /><br />Nora continued to write lyrical poetry throughout her life, but she also wrote short stories for adolescent readers. It was a natural progression for her to write from the point of view of a young person, as Miss Perry was often described as “vivacious with an intense personality and wit”. As Nora wrote:<br />“I have too much youth for the rest of the world at my age. Life never seems old to me, always fresh.”<br /><br />Her young adult stories were intended to inspire higher ideals in its readers. That was the power of literature to Miss Perry:<br />“Nothing is so practical as the ideal which is ever at hand to uphold and better the real.”<br /><br />Nora was not a religious person. She had no qualms about declaring her agnosticism or, as she referred to it, “the agnosticism of don’t know.” Instead of following religious doctrine, she believed in a “practical service to humanity,” which she practiced in part by encouraging young writers in their craft. Though not religious, Nora did believe in the supernatural. She possessed a moonstone talisman that she felt helped in her literary success and brought her good luck. <br /><br />Though she was never married, Nora preferred male companionship, as she enjoyed their point of view and way of thinking. She developed intimate friendships with John Greenleaf Whittier, Wendell Phillips, and George William Curtis to name just a few. Yet, she also maintained many female friends as well. Harriet Prescott Spofford was one such friend and sister-poet, who wrote of her friend’s poetic style: <br />“Nora Perry writes in verse because she cannot help it. The music bubbles up in her as the water gushes in a spring, and whenever she has allowed art to clear the way the result is a ‘well of English undefiled.’”<br /><br />Miss Perry adored her hair, which was often described as a reddish-golden blonde and pale blonde in her later years. It pleased her when people admired it. In fact, hair descriptions often found their way into her writing. <br /><br />In her later years, Miss Perry was struck with what was referred to as “author’s cramp” or “writer’s cramp,” which affected her ability to write. The pain was so great, she nearly lost the use of her right hand and taught herself to write left-handed so she could rest her dominant one.<br /><br />Nora Perry passed away on May 13, 1896 of an aneurysm while visiting Dudley, Massachusetts. As Caroline Ticknor wrote in <em>The Lamp</em>:<br />“To the friends who had loved her, and would gladly have ministered to her in her last hours, it was a deep grief that she should have died alone in a boarding-house. And yet her solitary passing seemed somehow in harmony with her own independent, self-contained mode of living.”<br /><br />Miss Perry was buried at Swan Point Cemetery in Providence, Rhode Island.
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WYLIE, Mrs. Lollie Belle
Lollie Belle Wylie was born in Bayou Coden, near Mobile, AL, on October 21, 1858. After growng up in Georgia, she married Hart Wylie at age seventeen. <br /><br />She published a book of poems while her husband was ill, and began writing for <em>The Atlanta Journal</em> soon after his passing. By 1890, Lollie Belle was the managed her own paper, <em>Society</em>. In this endeavor, she worked with xxx, who was editor. As vice-president of the Woman's Press Club of Georgia, she collaborated with Elia Goode Byington, who was the president.<br /><br />In October of 1892, Lollie Belle moved to Macon, GA, where she became affiliated with T<em>he Evening News</em>. In addition to running the women's department of the paper, she was society editor. That same month, some of her poetry was published in Fetter's Southern Magazine. Three years later, the November 1895 volume of <em>Peterson's Magazine</em> included a sketch of Lollie Belle and some of her poetry. Her "The Secret of Matanzas Bay" was included in <em>The Illustrator</em> in October of 1896.<br /><br />The next year, Lollie Belle became the editor of <em>The Butterfly</em>, an Atlanta society magazine. In 1898, Franklin Printing and Publishing Company of Atlanta published <em>The Memoirs of Judge Richard H. Clark</em>, a book that Lollie Belle had edited. By 1903, she was writing book reviews for The Savannah Morning News, including one for Myrta Lockett Avary's <em>A Virginia Girl in the Civil War</em>.<br /><br />Lollie Belle passed away in 1923.
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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GILES, Miss Ella A.
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<p>Ella A. Giles was born near Madison, Wisconsin, on February 2, 1851. Growing up in the home of a father who was a philanthropist and a mother who fostered Ella’s love of art and literature, she pursued interests in those areas throughout her life. As her<span> </span><em>A Woman of the Century</em><span> </span>profile notes, “She early showed musical talent. Her fine voice was carefully cultivated by Hans Balatka. She was quite distinguished as an oratorio and church singer when her health failed and she was compelled to abandon what promised to be a successful career in music.” (320)<br /><br />Although her dream was not to be, the resilient Ella was determined to make her mark. Turning to literary pursuits, she wrote<em><span> </span>Bachelor Ben</em>, her first novel, which was published in 1875 by Madison publishers Atwood & Culver and Chicago publishers Janson, McClurg & Co. It was reviewed by numerous periodicals, including<span> </span><em>Literary World</em><span> </span>(August 1, 1875) and<span> </span><em>Saturday Review</em><span> </span>(September 25, 1875) and sold one thousand volumes in just sixty days. (<em>Los Angeles Herald</em>) The next year, she published<span> </span><em>Out from the Shadows</em>, which was reviewed by<span> </span><em>The Independent</em><span> </span>on June 15, 1876, and by several other periodicals. In 1879, Ella's newest book,<span> </span><em>Maiden Rachel</em>, appeared on the shelves of bookstores and libraries. Like her earlier work, it was reviewed by<span> </span><em>The Independent<span> </span></em>(August 7, 1879),<span> </span><em>Literary World<span> </span></em>(July 5, 1879), and other periodicals. Madison readers would have had an opportunity to meet the author, as Ella became a librarian at the Madison Public Library that year. She remained at the library for five years while giving public talks, writing, and publicizing other writers. On May 21, 1882, Ella penned “The West’s Literature” for a Wisconsin newspaper, promoting the growing literature of her section of the country. <br /><br />In 1884, while caring for her father, Ella wrote poetry and social science articles. She published<span> </span><em>Flowers of the Spirit</em>, a volume of her poetry, in 1891. As one of the leaders of the Contemporary Club, she also hosted literary gatherings on topics such as Browning, Emerson, and political economy. (“Unitarian Church Became Established Here in 1869” -<span> </span><em>Los Angeles Herald</em><span> </span>) As “Old Days on West Wilson Street,” a 1922<span> </span><em>Capital Times</em><span> </span>article, recalled, "One of the most attractive of the literary salons of Wisconsin was modestly but most delightfully held at Miss Giles’ [sic] home during her life in Madison. Her friend, Miss Zona Gale, was often a sharer in the pleasures of the gatherings, and a member of the home circle for several winters while a student at the university.” Ella also fought for women’s rights as a member of The Association for the Advancement of Women. (<em>Los Angeles Herald)<span> </span></em> </p>
<p>Although she lived in Wisconsin, Ella traveled frequently. One of those trips was to Yellowstone National Park with the Wisconsin Press Association. <a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/114" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Stella A. Gaines Fifield</a>, a Wisconsin journalist who is in<span> </span><em>A Woman of the Century</em>, and her husband were in the same Pullman sleeper car as Ella during this Northern Pacific Railroad excursion. Ella spent winters in warmer climates.<br /><br />After her father passed away in May of 1895, Ella decided to make Los Angeles her home.<span> </span><em>The Los Angeles Herald<span> </span></em>celebrated Ella’s entrance into the city with a lengthy laudatory<span> </span><a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85042461/1895-09-29/ed-1/seq-18/#date1=1868&index=1&rows=20&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&words=A+ELLA+GILES&proxdistance=5&date2=1963&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=Ella+A.+Giles&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">article</a><span> </span>on September 29th. It concluded with praise from the newspaper and a friend: “Miss Giles possesses the rare quality of magnetism and unconsciously draws people about her. As a friend said of her, she has no sullen brow, no sarcastic smile and no bitter word for a sister’s success; but her cheerful ‘she deserves it all’ is as ready as her warm hand.”</p>
<p>Ella married journalist George Drake Ruddy in 1896. While in Los Angeles, she expanded her social network, getting to know author Hattie Tyng Griswold, Caroline Severance, and numerous others.<br /><br />By 1902, Ella and George were living at Mission Cottage on Wilshire Boulevard in Los Angeles. She was President of the California Badger Club of Los Angeles and wrote<span> </span><a href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t08w3bt46" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Club Etiquette: A Conversation between a Club Woman and a Non-member Who Answer the Calling Question over the Tea-Cups</em></a>. </p>
<p>During the Summer of 1904, Ella traveled from California to Short Beach, Connecticut to visit Ella Wheeler Wilcox, her long-time friend and fellow poet, at her spectacular warm-weather home. While on the way, Ella stopped in Boston to visit the homes of Longfellow and Lowell, as well as in Concord to see where Emerson, Hawthorne, and the Alcotts had lived. The two Wisconsin natives collaborated on a book,<span> </span><em>Around the Year,<span> </span></em>which was published that year. The next year, Ella wrote the "Description of Mrs. Wilcox's Home and Life" for her friend's autobiography,<em><span> </span>The Story of A Literary Career. <span> </span></em>She continued to write poetry, publishing<em><span> </span>Lace O' Me Life</em><span> </span>in 1916.</p>
<p>Ella passed away in Los Angeles on June 26, 1917. She is buried in Madison’s Forest Hill Cemetery.</p>
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VERY, Miss Lydia Louisa Anna
<p>Lydia Louisa Anna Very was born on November 2, 1823, in Salem, Massachusetts, the youngest child of Jones and Lydia Very. Her father passed away when Lydia was just a year old. </p>
<p>In <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=chi.097959478;view=1up;seq=266;size=125">December of 1841</a>, Lydia began teaching at Mason Street Public School in Salem, and by <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiuo.ark:/13960/t5hb1st4v;view=1up;seq=178">1860</a>, she was serving as principal. She continued in this capacity until the end of the 1871-1872 academic year, The next school year, she became principal of<a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=chi.097959478;view=1up;seq=399"> Dunlap Street School.</a></p>
<p>While busy with her career in education, Lydia also found time to create paintings and clay models, to write poetry and prose, and to design and illustrate books. Her design for the book “Red Riding Hood,” in the shape of the main character, was innovative and very popular.</p>
<p>An advocate of <a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn88053046/1901-04-04/ed-1/seq-2/#date1=1789&index=5&rows=20&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&words=A+L+Lydia+Very&proxdistance=5&date2=1963&ortext=&proxtext=+&phrasetext=Lydia+L.+A.+Very&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1">corporal punishment for children</a>, Lydia wrote to Charles Brown Lore, Chief Justice of the Delaware Supreme Court, in the Spring of 1901 to support his views on this issue. She passed away later that year, on September 10, 1901 and was buried in Old South Cemetery in Peabody, Massachusetts.</p>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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WEISS, Mrs. Susan Archer
Susan Archer Talley Weiss was born in Hanover County, VA on February 14. A Woman of the Century lists her birth year as 1835, but other sources list it as 1822. Her family moved to Richmond when Susan was eight, and she lost her ability to hear two years later, due to Scarlet Fever. <br /><br />With the support of her father and her cousin, sculptor Alexander Galt, Susan cultivated her artistic and writing talents. She published in <a href="http://www.marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/113" target="_blank"><em>The Southern Literary Messenger</em></a> when she was eleven and began her writing career. During her career, she contributed many <a href="https://quod.lib.umich.edu/m/moajrnl?c=moajrnl&cc=moajrnl&key=author&page=browse&value=Talley&Submit=Submit" target="_blank">pieces</a> to this prominent Richmond periodical. Susan's work was also available in book form, as Rudd & Carleton published her <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=loc.ark:/13960/t5gb2z460;view=1up;seq=7" target="_blank">Poems</a> in 1859. On October 26, <em>The Richmond Dispatch</em> included an <a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84024738/1859-10-26/ed-1/seq-2/#date1=1789&sort=date&rows=20&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&index=18&words=Archer+Susan+Talley&proxdistance=5&date2=1963&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=Susan+Archer+Talley&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1" target="_blank">advertisement</a> noting that Susan's book was being sold for seventy-five cents at Randolph's Bookstore and Bindery on Main Street in Richmond. <em>The Nationa Era</em> <a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84026752/1859-11-10/ed-1/seq-2/#date1=1789&sort=date&rows=20&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&index=19&words=Archer+Susan+Talley&proxdistance=5&date2=1963&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=Susan+Archer+Talley&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1" target="_blank">reviewed</a> her book on November 10, 1859.<br /><br />Susan's personal network in Richmond included Benjamin B. Minor, editor of <em>The Southern Literary Messenger</em>, Edgar Allan Poe, Rosalie Poe, and sculptor Edward Virginius Valentine. <br /><br />Her lengthy poem <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=dul1.ark:/13960/t8z902596;view=1up;seq=2" target="_blank">"The Battle of Manassas"</a> was published as a broadside in Richmond on August 3, 1861. When living in Norfolk during the Civil War, Susan apparently served as a <a href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/31929632" target="_blank">spy</a>, was caught, and spent time in confinement.<br /><br />She married Colonel Louis Weiss of the Union Army, started a family and moved to New York City. However, Susan's personal life was not a happy one and the couple divorced. Focusing on her writing to support herself and her son, Susan penned pieces for newspapers and magazines such as <a href="http://www.marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/32" target="_blank"><em>Scribner's Monthly</em></a> ("<a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000011751272;view=1up;seq=992" target="_blank">Peter Bloch. A Hartz Legend,"</a> September 1871), <a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/226" target="_blank"><em>The Aldine</em></a> ("The Best to Come," June 1875), <a href="http://www.marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/31" target="_blank"><em>Century Magazine</em> </a>("The Last Days of Poe," April 1878), <a href="http://www.marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/33" target="_blank"><em>Harper's Magazine </em></a>(May 1878), <em>Wide Awake</em> (June 1886), and <em>The People's Home Journal</em> (1904).<br /><br />In 1907, Broadway Publishing Company published Susan's <a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/33930" target="_blank"><em>The</em> <em>Home Life of Poe</em>.</a><br /><br />During her later years, she lived in Richmond with her son. She passed away there on April 7, 1917 and was buried in Riverview Cemetery.
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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CARTWRIGHT, Mrs. Florence Byrne
<p><span>Florence Byrne Cartwright was born in Galena, Illinois, on December 27, 1863. She resided in Grass Valley, California, where she became postmistress in December of 1887, following the death of postmaster father. </span></p>
<p><span>After meeting her husband, Richard Cartwright, in June of 1890, she moved to Salem, Oregon. Florence </span><span>devoted her life to her literary work and made an earnest living traveling throughout the world. She wrote various works, including a </span><a href="https://hdl.handle.net/2027/coo.31924079599886?urlappend=%3Bseq=945">sestina</a><span> featured in the May 1884 volume of</span><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/33" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em> Harper's Magazine</em></a><span>. Florence's preferred and favorite style of poetry was sonnets.</span><br /><br /><span>Florence passed away on September 22, 1944, and is buried in Mount Crest Abbey Mausoleum in Salem, Oregon.</span></p>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Cook%2C+Brittany+N.">Cook, Brittany N.</a>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
<a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/neatline/show/florence-byrne-cartwright">http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/neatline/show/florence-byrne-cartwright</a>
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MCKINNEY, Mrs. Kate Slaughter
<span>Author and poet Kate Slaughter McKinney was born in London, Kentucky, on February 6, 1857. By 1870, her family lived in Kirksville, Kentucky. Interested in writing from an early age, she published her first work at fifteen in the </span><em>Louisville Courier-Journal</em><span>. Kate graduated from Daughters' College in Harrodsburg, Kentucky, in 1876.</span><br /><br /><span>On May 6, 1878, Kate married James I. McKinney. In 1880, the couple lived in Richmond, Kentucky. The McKinneys made their home in Mount Vernon, Illinois, in the late 1880s. She published a book of poetry, </span><a href="https://archive.org/details/katydidspoems00mcki" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Katydid's Poems,<span> </span></em></a><span>in 1887.</span><br /><br /><span>In the early 1890s, Kate and James moved to Montgomery, Alabama, where they lived for many years. She continued to publish into the twentieth century.</span><br /><br /><span>Kate passed away in Montgomery, Alabama, on March 2, 1939.</span>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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FERREE, Mrs. Susan Frances Nelson
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Susan Frances Nelson Ferree is our Woman of the Week. Please view the link in our profile to see links related to Susan.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Susan Frances Nelson Ferree was born in Mount Pleasant, Iowa, on January 14, 1844, and grew up in Keokuk, Iowa. She married Jerome D. Ferree in 1860 and had several children. From the 1860s to the late 1870s, the family first lived in Keokuk, Iowa, and then moved to Ottumwa, Iowa.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Her </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">A Woman of the Century </span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">profile notes:</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">"Mrs. Ferree is a great lover of poetry, of which she has written much, but she excels in journalism. Some of her newspaper correspondence from Washington, D.C. is exceptionally fine. She is an untiring worker for temperance and for the advancement of woman (sic). She is a member of the Order of the Eastern Star, Woman's Relief Corps, the Iowa Woman's Suffrage Association, and the local Woman's Christian Temperance Union, and a communicant of St. Mary's Episcopal Church of Ottumwa" (</span><a href="https://archive.org/stream/bub_gb_zXEEAAAAYAAJ#page/n290/mode/1up/search/14th+January"><span style="font-weight: 400;">287</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">). </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In addition, Susan was a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution. She was one of the three Ottumwa, Iowa delegates to the </span><a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn86061214/1901-01-31/ed-1/seq-6/#date1=1789&sort=date&date2=1963&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&index=2&words=D+Ferree+J+Mrs&proxdistance=5&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=+&phrasetext=Mrs.+J.+D.+Ferree&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">DAR meeting in Washington, D.C.</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> in 1901.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Susan and Jerome were living on Ingraham Street in Los Angeles, California, in 1910, but they moved to San Diego, California, the following year. After she did not accompany him to Arizona, the couple divorced in 1913.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Susan passed away in Monterey, California, on September 30, 1919, and her ashes were buried in the family plot in Ottumwa.</span></p>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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OLMSTED, Mrs. Elizabeth Martha
<span>Poet and lyricist Elizabeth Martha Allen Olmsted was born in Caledonia, New York, on December 31, 1825. She graduated from Ingham University in Le Roy, New York in 1847. Soon after graduation, her graduation poem was published in <em>The </em></span><em>United States Democratic Review.</em><br /><br /><span>Elizabeth married John Randolph Olmsted in 1853 and became the mother of six children. The family lived in Le Roy. She also continued to publish poems, and her works appeared in </span><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/22" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>The Independent</em></a><span>,</span><em> The Little Corporal</em><span>, </span><em>The Little Pilgrim</em><span>, and other periodicals. </span><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/19" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Sara Jane Lippincott</a><span> and Theodore Tilton were two editors she was associated with.</span><br /><br /><span>In addition to her career as a poet, Elizabeth was a lyricist. She wrote the lyrics for </span><em>Alumnae Re-union: Welcome Song</em><span>, </span><span>published in 1870, and Henri Appy wrote the music.</span><br /><br /><span>Elizabeth published </span><a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=loc.ark:/13960/t71v62n65;view=1up;seq=13" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Poems Of The House And Other Poems</em></a><span>, which she dedicated to her children, in 1903. </span><br /><br /><span>She passed away on February 7, 1910.</span>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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FEARING, Miss Lillian Blanche
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Blind+authors">Blind authors</a>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Blind+lawyers">Blind lawyers</a>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=49&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Blind+poets">Blind poets</a>
Author and lawyer Lillian Blanche Fearing was born in Davenport, Iowa, on November 27, 1863. Despite being blind from birth, Lillian achieved much during her lifetime. Lillian's obituary in the <a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn92053934/1900-08-15/ed-1/seq-5/#date1=1789&index=0&rows=20&words=Blanche+Fearing&searchType=basic&sequence=0&state=&date2=1943&proxtext=Blanche+Fearing&y=0&x=0&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Rock Island Argus</em></a> notes, in part:<br /><br />"At the age of 8 she published her first poem, and by the time she was 12 years old her verses were appearing regularly in the Boston Transcript. Personal letters commending her work were sent her by <a href="http://www.marykatemcmaster.org/MDP/items/show/136" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Oliver Wendell Holmes</a>, John G. Whittier, and Edmund Clarence Stedman."<br /><br />When she was taking courses at Union College of Law in Chicago, Lillian's mother "was her constant companion and read books to her" <a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn89058128/1890-07-17/ed-1/seq-1/#date1=1789&index=6&rows=20&words=Blanche+Fearing&searchType=basic&sequence=0&state=&date2=1943&proxtext=Blanche+Fearing&y=0&x=0&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">(<em>The Comet</em></a>). When she graduated, Lillian was the only woman in her class and one of four scholarship recipients (<em><a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85033295/1890-07-23/ed-1/seq-7/#date1=1870&sort=date&date2=1943&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&index=14&words=Blanche+Fearing&proxdistance=5&state=&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=Blanche+Fearing&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Watertown Republican</a></em>).<br /><br />Well regarded by her peers, Lillian was one of the people feated in literary critic William Morton Payne's "Literary Chicago" in the February 1893 edition of <em>New England Magazine</em>. The article mentioned many men and women, including Eliza Allen Starr, Olive Thorne Miller, Amanda T. Jones, Harriet Monroe, and Ella Wheeler Wilcox. Payne praised Fearing's work as "remarkable" and, speaking of her poem "In The City By The Lake," he noted: "A note of song stronger and more sustained has hardly been sounded by any other American woman" (<a href="http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=newe;cc=newe;rgn=full%20text;idno=newe0013-6;didno=newe0013-6;view=image;seq=704;node=newe0013-6%3A1;page=root;size=100" target="_blank" rel="noopener">696</a>). Readers of <em>New England Magazine</em> would have known of Lillian, since she had published <a href="http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=moajrn2;cc=moajrn2;q1=Fearing;rgn=author;view=image;seq=0669;idno=newe0008-6;node=newe0008-6%3A9" target="_blank" rel="noopener">"The Bivouac of Sherman's Army"</a> in that periodical's August 1890 issue.<br /><br />In 1894, Lillian wrote a piece for <em>Chicago Woman's Times</em> about the need for a different title than Miss for adult single women. She noted that males are called master and then Mr., but that females are addressed as Miss until they are married. She was perturbed that it took marriage to allow a woman to have a mature adult title. Lillian's words were reprinted in the March 10, 1894 edition of <em><a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn86091092/1894-03-10/ed-1/seq-3/#date1=1870&sort=date&date2=1943&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&index=12&words=Blanche+Fearing&proxdistance=5&state=&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=Blanche+Fearing&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=2" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Caldwell Tribune</a></em> (Idaho Territory), giving her thoughts an even larger audience.<br /><br />Throughout her life, Lillian received praise in the press for her work as a lawyer, her writing, and her phenomenal work ethic. <em><a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn90059959/1895-10-26/ed-1/seq-2/#date1=1870&sort=date&date2=1943&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&index=16&words=Blanche+Fearing&proxdistance=5&state=&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=Blanche+Fearing&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=2" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Irish Standard's</a></em> characterization of her serves as a fine example of the admiration Lillian's contemporaries had for her: <br /><br />"Miss Blanche Fearing is a graduate of the Chicago Law School and surely finding her way to a successful legal career. She is a poet, also, but her verses do not begin with 'whereases' or 'know all men,' etc., but are marked by the true poetic quality. Miss Fearing's profession means a livelihood to her. Her literary work is the overflow of her life. When it is known that Miss Fearing is entirely blind, the courage, enthusiasm, and perseverance that her work in these two lines exhibits fill one with admiration for the beauty and strength of character that so triumph over untoward circumstances and make life so noble, useful and sweet."<br /><br />She was very fortunate to have a supportive family. According to the <em><a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn86081854/1900-11-15/ed-1/seq-7/#date1=1870&sort=date&date2=1943&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&index=6&words=Blanch+Fearing&proxdistance=5&state=&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=Blanche+Fearing&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=4" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Republican News Item</a></em>, Lillian's mother and sister played the crucial role of reading legal documents to her. <br /><br />Lillian's image and a discussion about her were included in <a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85066387/1896-12-13/ed-1/seq-19/#date1=1870&sort=date&date2=1943&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&index=18&words=Blanche+Fearing&proxdistance=5&state=&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=Blanche+Fearing&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=2" target="_blank" rel="noopener">"Women Lawyers of America,"</a> a lengthy December 13, 1896, article in <em>The San Francisco Call</em>. Others noted included local lawyer Clara Shortridge Foltz, <a href="http://www.marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/64" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Myra Bradwell</a>, Ellen A. Martin, Kate Pier, Ada Miser Kepley, Ella Humphrey Haddock, and Cornelia Hood.<br /><br />On March 21, 1900, <a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84036207/1900-03-21/ed-1/seq-3/#date1=1870&sort=date&date2=1943&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&index=4&words=Blanche+Fearing&proxdistance=5&state=&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=Blanche+Fearing&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=3" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>The Western News</em></a> dedicated an article, "Blind From Infancy: This Girl is Now Widely Known as a Writer and Lawyer." While the use of the word "girl" must not have pleased Lillian, she must have been happy to hear that the paper had written about her and called her "a dual success in her dual professions of author and lawyer."<br /><br />Unfortunately, Lillian passed away in Eureka Heights, Illinois, later that year. When she died on August 13, 1900, this courageous woman was just thirty-six years old.
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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MILLER, Mrs. Emily Huntington
Emily Huntington Miller was born in Brooklyn, Connecticut, on October 22, 1833. She was a writer from a young age, and she graduated from Oberlin College. <br /><br />In 1860, Emily married John E. Miller, whose career achievements included being a principal, a professor, and the publisher of <em>Little Corporal</em>, which later merged with <em>St. Nicholas</em>. Emily, John, and their children lived in Granville, Illinois, Plainfield, Illinois, Evanston, Illinois, and St. Paul, Minnesota. Emily wrote for and edited <em>Little Corporal</em>, and she contributed to newspapers and periodicals such as <em><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/33" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Harper's Magazine</a></em>,<em><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/22" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Independent</a></em>, and <em>Our Young Folks</em>. A prolific author, Emily penned several books, including <em>The Royal Road to Fortune</em> (1869), <em>Hang Up the Baby's Stocking</em> (1870), <em>The Parish of Fair Haven</em> (1876), <em>What Tommy Did</em> (1876), <em>The Bears' Den</em> (1877), <em><a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b4517754;view=1up;seq=9" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Captain Fritz: His Friends and Adventures</a></em> (1877), <em>Summer Days at Kirkwood</em> (1877), <em>A Year at Riverside Farm</em> (1877), and <em>Little Neighbors</em> (1879). Also a lyricist, she wrote the words for <em><a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015096689339;view=1up;seq=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Only Four! Song and Chorus </a></em>(1868), by George F. Root. In addition to her literary career, she was involved with missionary and Sunday school work for the Methodist Episcopal Church. From its start in 1874, Emily was active in the Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle. She also was an early temperance advocate. <br /><br />After John's death in 1882, Emily continued her literary activity. She wrote for various periodicals, including <em><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/23" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Atlantic Monthly</a></em> and <em>Ladies' Home Journal</em>,and published books of prose, poetry, and lyrics, including <em>Home Talks about the Word: For Mothers and Children</em> (1894), <em><a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiuo.ark:/13960/t9285290d;view=1up;seq=7" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Songs from the Nest </a></em>(1894), <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433066650940;view=1up;seq=7" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>From Avalon, and Other Poems</em> </a>(1896), and <em>An Offering of Thanks</em> (1899). <br /><br />Emily became president of the Woman's College of Northwestern University in 1891, and served as president of the Chautauqua Woman's Club for several years. <br /><br />She passed away on November 2, 1913.<em><br /><br /></em>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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ARMSTRONG, Miss Sarah B.
Sarah B. Armstrong was born in Newton, OH, on July 31, 1857. She grew up in Lebanon, OH and attended Lebanon University.<br /><br />While she began teaching art at Lebanon University, Sarah eventually pursued a career in Medicine. She moved to Ann Arbor, MI for her medical courses at the Homeopathic College of Michigan, and she later trained in New York City. Eventually, she became a physician and surgeon in Bay City, MI.<br /><br />In addition, this talented multitasker sang soprano for her Baptist church, served on the school board, worked for women's causes, and wrote poetry.
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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GREENE, Mrs. Louisa Morton
<p><span>Louisa Morton Willard Greene was born in Ashburnham, Massachusetts, on May 23, 1819. She worked in a woolen mill in Dedham, Massachusetts, where she began writing, and later taught in Portsmouth, New Hampshire.</span><br /><br /><span>After marrying businessman and politician Jonas Greene in 1841, Louisa became the mother of a son, Jonas Willard Greene, who was stillborn, two younger sons, Willard Jonas Greene and George Henry Greene, and five daughters, Martha, Estelle, Christina, Wilma, and Charlena. The family lived in Peru, Maine. </span></p>
<p><span>Louisa was involved in many philanthropic and reform activities, including ministering to the sick using the Water Cure, and participating in philanthropy, anti-slavery reform, temperance reform, and suffrage efforts. Louisa utilized her public speaking and journalistic talents on behalf of the causes she believed in.</span></p>
<p><span>Before the Civil War, Louisa wrote poetry, contributed articles to the </span><em>Oxford Democrat</em><span>, and led anti-slavery efforts in her area </span>As her daughter Christina later<span> </span><a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83009653/1900-04-10/ed-1/seq-3/#date1=1789&index=0&rows=20&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&words=Greene+GREENE+Louisa+LOUISA+M&proxdistance=5&date2=1963&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=Louisa+M.+Greene&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">remembered</a>, Louisa was very active in the war effort: "During the civil war Mrs. Greene's patriotic labors were untiring. In addition to multitudinous household duties, which were always faithfully performed, she took upon herself the labor of collecting, preparing and forwarding hospital supplies for the boys at the front who were so dear to her heart."</p>
<p><span>In 1869, Louisa's family moved to Manassas, Virginia, residing at the home they named Birmingham. She became a widow four years later. </span></p>
<p><span>Louisa passed away in Washington, D.C. on March 5, 1900, and her ashes were buried in the family plot at St. Paul's Cemetery in Alexandria, Virginia. In addition to Christina's beautiful obituary, Louisa's </span><span>daughter Estelle also penned a farewell announcement and included a</span><a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83009653/1900-04-10/ed-1/seq-3/#date1=1789&index=0&rows=20&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&words=Greene+GREENE+Louisa+LOUISA+M&proxdistance=5&date2=1963&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=Louisa+M.+Greene&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><span> </span>poem</a><span> that she had written about her mother's passing. Within her tribute, Estelle included Louisa's motto: "Help for the living and hope for the dead."</span><br /><br /><span>At the National American Woman Suffrage Association Convention in February of 1902, it was announced that Louisa had bequeathed $100 to the organization.</span></p>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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POST, Mrs. Caroline Lathrop
<span>Caroline Lathrop Post was born in Ashford, Connecticut, on November 27, 1824, and began her writing career at an early age. Her family later moved to Hartford, Connecticut, and Pittsfield, Massachusetts.</span><br /><br /><span>She married Abner L. Parsons on March 27, 1844, and gave birth to Clarence Lathrop Parsons, but she lost both her husband and her young son in 1849. After returning to her family in Hartford, Carrie moved to Springfield, Illinois, in 1851 and met Charles Rollin Post, a friend of her brother's. She returned to Hartford the next year and continued to correspond with Charles. They were married on October 10, 1853, and resided in Springfield (</span><a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015003510289;view=1up;seq=320" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Major, 286</a><span>). Over time, Caroline gave birth to Charles William, Aurelian, and Carroll. She and her family were members of the First Congregational Church. When the boys were growing up, Carrie "guided her boys in the arts, music, and literature" (Major, 290). She also found time to contribute to several publications, including </span><em>Chicago Advance</em><span>, </span><em>Life and Light</em><span>, </span><em>Golden Rule</em><span>, and </span><em>Floral World.</em><br /><br /><span>In 1886, Caroline's family moved to Fort Worth, Texas. She continued to write both poetry and prose and </span><span>was involved with the </span><a href="http://www.marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/186" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Woman's Board of Missions</a><span>. </span><em><a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433076020076;view=1up;seq=222" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Magazine of Poetry</a></em><a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433076020076;view=1up;seq=222" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> from 1892</a><span> published both a short biographical sketch and six of her poems. The October 1907 volume of </span><em>Mission Studies</em><span> included her poem </span><a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433068275159;view=1up;seq=336" target="_blank" rel="noopener">"The Message of Christ and His Angel to Woman."</a><span> She published them in </span><em>Aunt Carrie's Poems</em><span>, in 1909.</span><br /><br /><span>During the 1890s, her son, </span><a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015003510289;view=1up;seq=16" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Charles William (C.W.) Post,</a><span> became a millionaire through his inventions in the cereal industry. Since his parents were devoted churchgoers and needed a new church, C.W. donated the money for the First Congregational Church of Fort Worth in 1903 (Major, 292). That same year, Charles Rollin and Caroline celebrated their fiftieth wedding anniversary, a milestone that was </span><a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mmet.ark:/13960/t7tm8vz66;view=1up;seq=129;size=200" target="_blank" rel="noopener">mentioned</a><span> in Margaret E. Sangster's "Around the Hearth" page in </span><em>The Christian Herald</em><span>.</span><br /><br /><span>When he was ill in 1914, C.W. committed suicide. In his eulogy, C.W.'s cousin, Rev. Roswell C. Post, paid tribute to </span><a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015071135225;view=1up;seq=28;size=125" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Carrie</a><span> and Rollin, as well as to Charlie. When she heard of her son's death, ninety-year-old Carrie wrote a </span><a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015071135225;view=1up;seq=30;size=125" target="_blank" rel="noopener">poem</a><span> to him. A few months later, on October 17, 1914, Carrie passed away in Fort Worth. She was buried in Oak Ridge Cemetery in Springfield, Illinois.</span>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Morrissey%2C+Margaret">Morrissey, Margaret</a>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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JACKSON, Mrs. Helen Maria Fiske
<span>Helen Maria Fiske Jackson, better known as Helen Hunt Jackson, or "H. H.", was an extremely popular writer. She was born in Amherst, Massachusetts, on October 18, 1831.</span><br /><br /><span>Jackson was a contributor to </span><a href="http://www.marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/23" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>The Atlantic Monthly</em></a><span>, </span><em>Galaxy</em><span>, </span><em>Hearth and Home</em><span>, </span><a href="http://www.marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/22" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>The Independent</em></a><span>, </span><em>Nation</em><span>, and </span><a href="http://www.marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/32" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Scribner’s Monthly</em></a><span>. </span><br /><br /><span>During the 1870s, Helen began publishing juvenile fiction with Roberts Brothers.</span><a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=miun.aan0606.0001.001;view=1up;seq=7" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <em>Mercy Philbrick’s Choice</em></a><span>, a fictional work published by in 1876, was noticed in numerous periodicals. She continued to publish with Roberts Brothers as more and more readers knew of “H. H.” </span><br /><br /><span>Helen capitalized on her known name to support the Native American cause. However, for her</span><a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89098873599;view=1up;seq=9" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <em>A Century of Dishonor</em></a><span> (1881), she chose Harper Brothers. When "H. H." published </span><em>Ramona</em><span>, her fictional work about Native Americans in 1884, she published it through Roberts Brothers. At least eleven periodicals reviewed this popular work.</span><br /><br /><span>She passed away on August 12, 1885.</span>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Ellis%2C+Mallory+">Ellis, Mallory </a>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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MOULTON, Mrs. Louise Chandler
<p><span>Author Louise Chandler Moulton was born on April 5, 1835. A native of Pomfret, Connecticut, she left her hometown to attend Emma Willard's </span><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/15" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Troy Female Seminary</a><span>. Louise published her first works with Phillips, Sampson and Company and, as her friend </span><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/90" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Harriet Prescott Spofford</a><span> noted in </span><a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89098862204;view=1up;seq=174" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>A Little Book of Friends</em>,</a><span> her </span><span>publisher </span><a href="http://www.marykatemcmaster.org/MDP/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Moses Dresser Phillips</a><span> said that the talented young author "was more fit to be President of the United States than any man he knew" (160).</span><br /><br /><span>During her career, Louise wrote several books and contributed to periodicals, including </span><em><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/23" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Atlantic Monthly</a></em><span>, </span><em><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/31" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Century Magazine</a></em><span>, </span><em><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/34" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Galaxy</a></em><span>, </span><em><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/33" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Harper's Monthly</a></em><span>,</span><em><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/22" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> Independent</a></em><span>, </span><em><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/32" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Scribner's Monthly</a></em><span>, and </span><em><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/36" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Woman's Journal</a></em><span>. In addition to Spofford and Phillips, Louise's friends included <a href="http://www.marykatemcmaster.org/MDP/items/show/19" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Ralph Waldo Emerson</a>, <a href="http://www.marykatemcmaster.org/MDP/items/show/136" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Oliver Wendell Holmes</a>, <a href="http://www.marykatemcmaster.org/MDP/items/show/158" target="_blank" rel="noopener">James Russell Lowell</a>, and Sarah Helen Whitman.</span></p>
<p><span>She passed away on August 10, 1908.</span></p>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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SPOFFORD, Mrs. Harriet Prescott
<p><span>Harriet Prescott Spofford, born on April 3, 1835, was an author, biographer, novelist, and poet. A native of Calais, Maine, she attended Pinkerton Academy. Harriet became known in the literary world in 1859 when, as </span><em>A Woman of the Century</em><span> notes, "she published her Parisian story, 'In A Cellar,' in the 'Atlantic Monthly,' which at once brought her into notice" (674). </span><br /><br /><span>In addition to </span><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/23" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Atlantic Monthly</em></a><span>, she published in several periodicals, including </span><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/33" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Harper's Magazine</em></a><span>, </span><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/22" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Independent</em></a><span>, <em>The </em></span><em>North American Review</em><span>, and </span><em>Scribner's Magazine</em><span>. </span><br /><br /><span>Talented in a variety of fields, Harriet wrote several different types of books, including </span><em><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=64&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=%3Cem%3EArt+Decoration+Applied+to+Furniture%3C%2Fem%3E.+%26nbsp%3BNew+York%3A+%26nbsp%3BHarper+and+Brothers%2C+1878">Art Decoration Applied to Furniture</a> and </em><em><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=64&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=%3Cem%3EThe+Marquis+Of+Carabas%3C%2Fem%3E.+Boston%3A+Roberts+Brothers%2C+1882">The Marquis Of Carabas.</a> </em><span> Her </span><em><a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=wu.89098862204;view=1up;seq=13" target="_blank" rel="noopener">A Little Book of Friends</a></em><span> was about ten of her friends. Most of these women, including </span><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/92" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Louise Chandler Moulton</a><span>, are in </span><em>A Woman of the Century</em><span>.</span><br /><br /><span>In addition to her literary activity, Harriet Prescott Spofford was a wife and mother who was very involved in the National Congress of Mothers.</span></p>
<p><span>Harriet passed away in Amesbury, Massachusetts on August 14, 1921, and was buried in Oak Hill Cemetery in Newburyport, Massachusetts.</span></p>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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DELETOMBE, Miss Alice S.
Alice S. Deletombe, born in Gallipolis, OH on April 2, 1854, was a poet. Humble by nature, young Alice did not publicize her work and often wrote under a pseudonym.<br /><br />In 1891, <em>The Magazine of Poetry</em> <a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b3529222;view=1up;seq=80" target="_blank" rel="noopener">published</a> her image, some of her poems, and a biographical sketch of Alice by W. Farrand Fetch, quitely likely same person who later wrote her sketch for <em>A Woman of the Century.</em> <br /><br />Commenting on Alice's work, Fetch added:<br />"Miss Deletombe's poems are inspirations emotion more than reason, of heart not art, which well out of a warm, passionate, beauty-loving heart. As such, they are true poems of the soul, and in spite of some metrical defects, are too good to be lost to the world."<br /><br />Two years later, the same periodical published her poem "<a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433076020068;view=1up;seq=353" target="_blank" rel="noopener">At His Gate</a>."<br /><br />She also served as one of the many contributors to <em>A Woman of the Century</em>.<br /><br />By 1903, Alice was writing for <em>The Rosary</em>, a periodical tied to her Catholic faith.<br /><br />Alice passed away in Gallipolis on December 5, 1929 at age seventy-five. She was <a href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/95243775/alice-deletombe" target="_blank" rel="noopener">buried</a> in Mound Hill Cemetery in Gallipolis.
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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WETHERALD, Miss Agnes Ethelwyn
<p><span>Agnes Ethelwyn Wetherald, a Canadian </span><a href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn86081853/1895-04-05/ed-1/seq-1/#date1=1789&sort=date&date2=1924&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&index=14&words=Ethelwyn+Wetherald&proxdistance=5&state=&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=Wetherald&phrasetext=Ethelwyn+Wetherald&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">poet</a><span>, novelist, and journalist, was born in Rockwood, Ontario, on April 26, 1857. A Quaker, she came to the United States to attend the Friends Boarding School in Union Springs, New York. A writer from an early age, Ethelwyn published in <em>St. Nicholas</em> when she was just seventeen. She returned to Canada and graduated from Pickering College in Ontario. </span><br /><br /><span>In addition to using her own name, Wetherald was known as "Bel Thistlewaite." Her publications included </span><em><a href="https://archive.org/stream/houseoftreesothe00wethiala#page/n11/mode/2up" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The House of the Trees & Other Poems</a></em><span> and a collaboration with Graeme Mercer Adam, </span><em><a href="https://archive.org/stream/cihm_36079#page/n7/mode/1up" target="_blank" rel="noopener">An Algonquin Maiden: A Romance of the Early Days of Upper Canada</a></em><span>.</span><br /><span></span></p>
<p><span>She contributed to both Canadian and American periodicals, including <em>Canadian Monthly</em>, </span><em><a href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84029853/1890-12-17/ed-1/seq-6/#date1=1789&sort=date&date2=1924&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&index=0&words=Ethelwyn+Wetherald&proxdistance=5&state=&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=Wetherald&phrasetext=Ethelwyn+Wetherald&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Wide Awake</a></em><span>, and</span><a href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045366/1904-04-02/ed-1/seq-37/#date1=1789&index=0&date2=1924&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&words=Ethelwyn+Wetherald&proxdistance=5&state=&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=Wetherald&phrasetext=Ethelwyn+Wetherald&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener"> <em>Youth's Companion</em></a><span>. Agnes and </span><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/85" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Elizabeth Cameron</a><span> collaborated as publishers of <em>Our Wives and Daughters</em>, a Canadian periodical.</span></p>
<p><span>Agnes passed away on March 10, 1940, at the age of eighty-two, and was buried in Friends Brick Church Grounds in Pelham, Ontario.</span></p>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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BANTA, Mrs. Melissa Elizabeth Riddle
Melissa Elizabeth Riddle Banta, a native of Cheviot, Ohio, was born on <span>March 27, 1834.</span> She attended Wesleyan Female Institute in Cincinnati and Female Collegiate Institute in Covington, Kentucky. <br />After teaching early in her career, Melissa focused on her family and her writing. <br /><br />Just a year after marrying Joseph I. Perrin, Melissa lost him, and later their infant daughter. She returned to live with her parents and married David D. Banta in 1856. They raised their three children in Franklin, Indiana.<br /><br />In 1887, Melissa and her daughter Mabel traveled to Europe. She wrote about her travels and also penned several poems. In 1895, Phenix Press published her <em><a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=loc.ark:/13960/t48p6j54b;view=1up;seq=7" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Songs of Home</a></em>, a book of poems which she dedicated to her late mother.<br /><br />She passed away in Chicago on May 1, 1907 and was buried in Greenlawn Cemetery in Frankin, Indiana.
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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CHARLES, Mrs. Emily Thornton
<p>Mrs. Emily Thornton Charles was a prodigious author, poet, journalist and editor. Emily, born in Lafayette, Indiana on March 21st, 1845, liked to write in rhyme as a child and was recognized for her writing skills and her ease at expressing herself. <br /><br />She attended the free schools of Indianapolis and at the age of sixteen she became a teacher. However, she did not begin publishing until the death of her husband, Daniel B. Charles, a well-known business man in Indianapolis. Mrs. Charles was left a widow at twenty-four years of age, in 1874. At that time she was in poor health. As the provider for two children, she realized she needed a career and discovered she could convert her facility with writing into a successful career in newspapers.</p>
<p>From there she went on in 1876 to publish her first work <em>Hawthorne Blossoms</em>, in Philadelphia. She wrote under the name Emily Thornton and under the nom de plume: Hawthorne. She has the distinction of establishing and operating "The National Veteran" in Washington, D.C. Due to her absorption in her work in 1883, she became overwrought and was confined to her bed. Not one to be idle, Emily Thornton Charles used this time to revise and edit her poetry. The result was <em>Lyrical Poems</em> (Philadelphia, 1886) a 300-page book that established her as a national poet. At the same time she became a popular lecturer/public speaker, addressing large gatherings, including the National Women's Suffrage Convention with her poetical address "Women's Sphere". Her oratory was such that in 1893, she was selected as a speaker in the World's Columbian Exposition.</p>
<p>Emily was a member of the National Women's Press Association, The Grand Army of the Republic and Order of the Eastern Star.</p>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Morrissey%2C+Margaret">Morrissey, Margaret</a>
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SIGOURNEY, Mrs. Lydia Huntley
<span>Lydia Huntley Sigourney, one of the most famous female writers of the nineteenth century, was born in Norwich, Connecticut on September 1, 1791. As a young woman, Lydia taught in her hometown. In 1819, she married Charles Sigourney and became the mother of five children. Unfortunately, she lost three children as infants and her son Andrew at age nineteen.</span><br /><br /><span>During her adult life, Sigourney lived in Hartford as she wrote and engaged in philanthropic work. "The Sweet Singer of Hartford," as she was known, contributed to </span><em>Godey's Lady's Book,<span> </span></em><em>Graham's Magazine,<span> </span></em><span>and other periodicals. Lydia also wrote many</span><span> books, including </span><em><a href="https://archive.org/details/youngladysofferi00sigoiala" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Young Ladies' Offering; or, Gems of Prose and Poetry</a>, </em><span>and penned a </span><a href="https://archive.org/details/poeticalworksoff02hema">memoir </a><span>of poet Felicia Hemans.</span><br /><br /><span>Her friends and supporters included Nancy Maria Hyde, Daniel Wadsworth, <a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/19177" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Catharine Maria Sedgwick</a>, Sarah Josepha Hale, George R. Graham, and Rufus Wilmot Griswold.</span><br /><br /><span>Lydia passed away on June 10, 1865 and was buried in Hartford's </span><a href="https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/7426399" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Spring Grove Cemetery</a><span>. Her memoir,</span><a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433082384979;view=1up;seq=7" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em> Letters of Life</em></a><span>, with an Appendix by her daughter Mary Huntley Sigourney Russell, was published by D. Appleton and Company, in 1866.</span>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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HANAFORD, Rev. Phebe Anne
Phebe Anne Hanaford, a Nantucket, MA native who was born <span>on May 6, 1829</span>, wrote her own collective biography of women, <a href="Women%20of%20the%20Century" target="_blank">Women of the Century</a>. <br /><br />In addition to writing this book and many others, and editing two periodicals, Phebe was a well known Universalist minister. Rev. Hanaford was <a href="https://archive.org/details/servicesatordin00browgoog" target="_blank">ordained in Hingham, MA</a>, she served there and in several other communities,and she was chaplain for the Connecticut House and Senate.<br /><br />During her career, she also was a poet, an editor, a teacher, and a temperance reformer. Phebe was involved with the women's groups <a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/14" target="_blank">Sorosis</a> and <a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/98" target="_blank">The Association for the Advancement of Women</a>, as well as the Grand Templars.<br /><br />Her personal network included Maria Mitchell, <a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/20" target="_blank">Mary A. Brayton Woodbridge</a>, and relative <a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/200" target="_blank">Lucretia Mott</a>, also from Nantucket, Rev. Olympia Brown, and <a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/11" target="_blank">Sophis Curtiss Hoffman</a>.<br /><br /><br />
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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HIGGINSON, Mrs. Ella Rhoads
<p><span>Poet and author Ella Rhoads Higginson was born in Council Grove, Kansas, on January 28, 1862. Her family moved to Portland, Oregon, when she was a child, and they later lived in Oregon City, Oregon.</span><br /><br /><span>Ella married Russell C. Higginson in 1886, and the couple moved to Bellingham, Washington. He was a druggist, and she began publishing her writing. Ella contributed to many magazines, including </span><em>Harper's Magazine</em><span>, </span><em>McClure's Magazine</em><span>, </span><em>Once A Week, Scribner's Magazine, </em><span>and</span><em> Woman's Home Companion</em><span>. She also was a book critic for</span><em> <a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn2001063133/1904-11-10/ed-1/seq-1/#date1=1885&index=3&rows=20&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&words=Ella+Higginson&proxdistance=5&date2=1949&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=Ella+Higginson&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Seattle Times</a>.</em><span> Ella's most well-known poem was "Four Leaf Clover."</span><br /><br /><span>She served as editor of the women's department and contributed poems to </span><em>West Shore</em><span>. In 1905, Ella served as assistant editor of </span><em>The Westerner</em><span>, a new Seattle, Washington periodical that was edited by Edgar L. Hampton. According to </span><a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn98047754/1905-06-15/ed-1/seq-13/#date1=1885&index=0&rows=20&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&words=Ella+Higginson&proxdistance=5&date2=1949&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=Ella+Higginson&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">The Ranch of June 15, 1905</a><span>, "The feature in this number is 'Orilla," a Puget Sound novelette by Ella Higginson."</span><br /><br /><span>Ella was well-regarded by her contemporaries. </span><a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84025811/1912-04-05/ed-1/seq-4/#date1=1885&index=2&rows=20&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&words=Ella+Higginson&proxdistance=5&date2=1949&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=Ella+Higginson&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>The Seattle Republican</em></a><span> of April 5, 1912, noted, "In Bellingham there lives one of the truly great novelists, Ella Higginson. Her 'Mary Ella Out West,' if that is the correct title, is the equal of either the 'Scarlet Letter' or 'Adam Bede.'" </span><br /><br /><span>In addition to her writing, Ella, a woman's rights supporter, was the campaign manager for Frances C. Axtell, the Washington State Legislature's first female member.</span><br /><br /><span>Ella's philanthropic work included being involved with founding Bellingham's first public library and volunteering for the American Red Cross.</span><br /><br /><span>On June 17, 1931, Ella received the honor of becoming the </span><a href="http://www.historylink.org/File/11027" target="_blank" rel="noopener">poet laureate</a><span> of Washington State.</span><br /><br /><span>She passed away on December 27, 1940.</span><br /><br /><span>Ella was featured in </span><a href="https://www.c-span.org/video/?316868-1/ella-higginson-pacific-northwest" target="_blank" rel="noopener">"Ella Higginson and the Pacific Northwest"</a><span> by Laura Laffrado on C-Span's BookTV video on December 9, 2013.</span></p>
<p></p>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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BENEDICT, Miss Emma Lee
<p><span>Emma Lee Benedict, born on November 16, 1857, was a native of Clifton Park, New York. She was an editor, educator, author, public speaker, and temperance reformer. Passionate about education from a young age, Emma was a graduate of the State Normal School at Albany and the City University of New York. In addition to teaching, Benedict edited “</span><i><span>The New York School Journal.”</span></i><span></span></p>
<p><span>Also interested in writing for children, Emma penned “</span><i><span>Pieces to Speak</span></i><span>.” Lee and Shepard of Boston published this book which </span><a href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn94052989/1893-05-28/ed-1/seq-43/#date1=1789&index=0&rows=20&words=Benedict+Emma+Lee&searchType=basic&sequence=0&state=&date2=1924&proxtext=Emma+Lee+Benedict&y=0&x=0&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1"><span>received praise</span></a><span> from </span><i><span>The Morning Call </span></i><span>of San Francisco. Similarly, T</span><i><span>he New Haven Daily Morning Carrier Journal </span></i><span>gave a positive review</span><i><span> to </span></i><span>Emma's </span><i><span>The Gregory Guards,</span></i><span> another book for young people, calling it: "A story of reaping good by doing good, bright and entertaining and full of life, incident and good sense."</span></p>
<p><span>Through her work with the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, Emma was affiliated with Mary H. Hunt. Speaking of her extensive research related to temperance, Benedict's </span><i><span>A Woman of the Century</span></i><span> profile notes: "There is probably no other person more familiar than she with the whole subject of the nature and effects of alcohol on the human system" (74). She and Hunt exerted a great deal of effort preparing teaching manuals on the topic.</span></p>
<p><span>Emma married C. Frederick Transeau in Boston on November 28, 1895. In 1900, she was living in Westwood, Massachusetts, and working as a journalist. During the first decades of the new century, Emma continued her crusade against alcohol by writing articles, non-fiction books, and temperance fiction. In addition, Emma was an officer of the Scientific Temperance Federation. Beginning in 1923, she wrote the “What the Current Magazines are Saying about Prohibition and Law Enforcement” column in <em>The American Issue</em>. Emma published her last book, <em>Knotty Problems Regarding Moderate Drinking</em>, in 1935. She passed away in Boston two years later and was buried in Clifton Park Baptist Cemetery, Clifton Park, New York.</span></p>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=Tirone%2C+Trish">Tirone, Trish</a>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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COOLBRITH, Mrs. Ina Donna
<p><span>Ina Donna Coolbrith, who was born in Nauvoo, Illinois, on March 10, 1841, grew up in California and became its Poet Laureate.</span><br /><br /><span>During her prolific writing career, Ina contributed to </span><em>Overland Monthly</em><span> and later ran it with Bret Harte and Charles Warren Stoddard. She also contributed to </span><em>Californian</em><span>, </span><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/31" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Century</em>,</a><span> </span><em><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/34" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Galaxy</a></em><span>, </span><em><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/33" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Harper's Magazine,</a></em><span> and </span><em>Scribner's Magazine</em><span>.</span><br /><br /><span>Also a librarian, she played a positive role in the lives of many young readers, including Jack London. A 1919 </span><a href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030431/1919-12-07/ed-1/seq-75/#date1=1789&index=0&rows=20&words=Coolbrith&searchType=basic&sequence=0&state=&date2=1924&proxtext=coolbrith&y=0&x=0&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>New York Sun</em> article </a><span>about Coolbrith quotes London's recollections about Ina:</span><br /><br /><span>"No woman has affected me to the extent you did. I was only a little lad, I knew nothing about you, yet in all the years that have passed, I have met no woman so 'noble' as you. I have never seen you since those library days, yet the memory picture I retain of you is as vivid as any I possess."</span></p>
<p><span>Ina passed away in Berkeley, California on February 29, 1928. She was buried in Oakland, California's Mountain View Cemetery.</span></p>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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DORR, Mrs. Julia C. R.
<p><span>J</span><span>ulia Caroline Ripley Dorr was born on February 13, 1825, in Charleston, South Carolina. She was the daughter of William Young Ripley and Zulma DeLacy Thomas. When Julia was a young girl, her father moved the family to his native Vermont, where he devoted himself to the Rutland marble quarries. After William built the Rutland Opera House, Julia worked to develop women’s appreciation for the arts.</span></p>
<p><span>In 1847, Julia married Hon. Seneca M. Dorr, a lawyer and legislator from New York. They had five children. Seneca encouraged her writing, and he sent Julia's first published poem to “</span><i><span>Union Magazine”</span></i><span> without her knowledge. Her first published short story, “Isabel Leslie,” won her one hundred dollars in prize money. Julia's novel “</span><i><span>Farmingdale”</span></i><span> was published under her pseudonym, Caroline Thomas, again with assistance and support from her husband. In addition to being a wife and mother, Julia was a prolific poet, an author, a wife, a mother, and an inspirational community member. </span></p>
<p><span>After Seneca passed away in 1884, Julia devoted some of her time to another cause. According to her “</span><i><span>A Women of the Century”</span></i><span> profile, "she became the leader of a band of women who founded the Rutland Free Library, the success of which has been so remarkable" (253). Surely, her works were in that library, as Julia’s poetry, stories, essays and letters won respect from her townspeople and famous male writers such as Longfellow, Emerson, Whittier, and Holmes. She rightfully earned her place in American literary history. Julia was honored as Vermont’s “unofficial poet laureate,” and she was bestowed the honor of Doctor of Letters from Middlebury College in 1910. </span></p>
<p><span>Julia Caroline Riley Dorr died on January 18, 1913, and was buried in Rutland's Evergreen Cemetery.</span></p>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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BROWN, Miss Emma Elizabeth
<p><span>Author Emma Elizabeth Brown </span><span>was born on</span><span> </span>October 18, 1847. Emma's literary career began in her native town, Concord, New Hampshire, when she submitted a poem to the<span> </span><em>Concord Monitor. </em></p>
<p><em></em><span>Once she moved to Boston, Emma wrote a book of poems and contributed to several periodicals. Often writing as "E. E. Brown," she penned several biographical sketches, poems, and short stories for periodicals such as </span><em>Aldine</em><span>, </span><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/23" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Atlantic Monthly</em></a><span>, </span><em>Living Age</em><span>, and </span><em>Wide Awake</em><span>. </span><br /><br /><a href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84038582/1878-01-26/ed-1/seq-2/#date1=1789&sort=date&date2=1924&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&index=6&words=Brown+E+Emma&proxdistance=5&state=&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=+&phrasetext=Emma+E.+Brown&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Noticing</a><span> her piece "The Child Toilers of Boston Streets" in the February 1878 edition of </span><em>Wide Awake</em><span>, </span><em>The Ottawa Free Trader</em><span> of Illinois said that "Emma E. Brown gives us a glimpse of Boston New Boys' life." Sharing what she learned in her travels, Emma wrote </span><a href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn2001063133/1895-04-11/ed-1/seq-2/#date1=1789&sort=date&date2=1924&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&index=15&words=Brown+E+Emma&proxdistance=5&state=&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=+&phrasetext=Emma+E.+Brown&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=4" target="_blank" rel="noopener">"Easter in Florence."</a><span> This piece of travel writing was published for that holiday in 1895 in the </span><em>Turner County Herald</em><span> of Hurley, South Dakota.</span></p>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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GORTON, Mrs. Cynthia M. R.
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Cynthia M. Roberts Gorton was born in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, on February 27, 1826. While attending </span><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/15"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Troy Female Seminary</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, she began to lose her sight. After Cynthia married Frederick Gorton, she became totally blind. However, this determined woman did not let her blindness stop her. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The couple moved to Fenton, Michigan, and Cynthia became a popular lecturer. In her talks, Gorton spoke to her audiences about </span><a href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85025759/1877-04-14/ed-1/seq-3/#date1=1789&index=6&rows=20&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&words=Glenwood+Ida&proxdistance=5&date2=1924&ortext=&proxtext=&phrasetext=Ida+Glenwood&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">temperance</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> and other topics she was passionate about. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Professionally, Cynthia was known as "Ida Glenwood," "The Blind Bard of Michigan," and "The Sweet Singer." In addition to penning several books, including </span><a href="https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015071600418;view=1up;seq=7"><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">Lily Pearl and the Mistress of Rosedale</span></i></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, she contributed to </span><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">The Christian Herald </span></i><span style="font-weight: 400;">of Detroit</span> <span style="font-weight: 400;">and </span><a href="http://marykatemcmaster.org/WOC/items/show/121"><i><span style="font-weight: 400;">The Magazine of Poetry</span></i></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">. </span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">On August 10, 1894, Cynthia M. Roberts Gorton died at her home in Fenton, Michigan.</span></p>
<a href="/WOC/items/browse?advanced%5B0%5D%5Belement_id%5D=37&advanced%5B0%5D%5Btype%5D=is+exactly&advanced%5B0%5D%5Bterms%5D=McMaster%2C+MaryKate">McMaster, MaryKate</a>
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